| 可动型人工椎体的研究进展 |
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Received:December 15, 2018
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| 作者 | Author | 单位 | Unit | E-Mail |
| 李家良 |
LI Jia-liang |
西安交通大学第二附属医院骨二科, 陕西 西安 710004 |
The Second Department of Orthopaedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi, China |
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| 闻志靖 |
WEN Zhi-jing |
西安交通大学第二附属医院骨二科, 陕西 西安 710004 |
The Second Department of Orthopaedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi, China |
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| 贺西京 |
HE Xi-jing |
西安交通大学第二附属医院骨二科, 陕西 西安 710004 |
The Second Department of Orthopaedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi, China |
xijing_h@vip.tom.com |
| 魏馨雨 |
WEI Xin-yu |
西安交通大学第二附属医院耳鼻咽喉科, 陕西 西安 710004 |
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| 期刊信息：《中国骨伤》2019年32卷，第7期，第677-682页 |
| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1003-0034.2019.07.017 |
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| 目前使用人工椎体植入物在治疗脊柱肿瘤、感染、骨折等疾病已经取得了较好的疗效。然而，融合型人工椎体会导致邻近椎间关节退变，丧失原有的生理曲度及活动度。可动型人工椎体可以一定程度恢复脊柱正常的生理运动，减少脊柱生物力学改变，以减少并发症的发生。可动型人工椎体的设计是在获得可靠稳定性的基础上增加可动装置，其原理大可分为球窩关节和弹性形变，但可动型人工椎体的整体设计还需进一步完善。传统机械加工方法难以加工复杂的假体，其生产的假体与病灶契合率低，而新兴的3D打印技术可以实现假体个性化改进，但其速率慢，成本高等情况有待改善。可动型人工椎体制作的材料大体可分为金属、陶瓷、生物材料、高分子材料等。金属材料以钛合金为主流，应用广泛，但其弹性模量与人骨还有差距，与骨融合尚不理想；陶瓷材料种类丰富，但存在耐磨性差，易碎等特点；生物材料包括自体骨、异体骨等，其来源有限，操作复杂；高分子材料和生物可降解材料种类丰富，理想性能优异，但还需进一步研究其性质与应用。可动型人工椎体仍需提升和发展，临床实验数据仍不足，远期疗效还有待进一步观察研究，本文对可动型人工椎体的发展、优点、设计、加工、材料等方面展开综述，为可动型人工椎体的优化设计、加工处理与临床应用等提供有益参考。 |
| [关键词]:可动型人工椎体 脊椎 综述文献 |
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| Advances on the study of movable artificial vertebral body |
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| Abstract:At present,artificial vertebral implants have proven to be effective in the treatment of spinal tumors,infections,fractures and other diseases. However,the fusion artificial vertebral body can cause adjacent intervertebral joint degeneration and loss of original physiological curvature and activity. The movable artificial vertebral body can,to some extent,restore the normal physiological movement and reduce biomechanical changes of the spine,reducing the occurrence of complication. The design of movable artificial vertebral body is to equip movable device when the basis of reliable stability is obtained. According to its principle it can be divided into ball socket joint or elastic deformation. However the overall design of movable artificial vertebral body needs further improvement. Traditional mechanical processing methods are difficult to process complex prostheses and the agreement rate between traditional produced prostheses and lesions was low. While the emerging 3D printing technology can achieve individualized improvement of prosthesis,its slow rate and high cost need to be improved. The materials of movable artificial vertebral body includes metal,ceramics,biomaterials,high polymer materials and so on. Titanium alloy is the main material in metal materials,which is widely used,but its modulus of elasticity is still far from that of human bone and it lacks ideal bone fusion. Ceramic materials are rich in variety but fragile and poor in wear resistance. Biomaterials include autogenous bone,allogeneic bone,etc.,with limited source and complicated operation. There are many kinds of polymer and biodegradable materials which obtain excellent and ideal properties. But their properties and applications need to be further studied. The movable artificial vertebral body still needs to be promoted and developed. The clinical experimental data is still insufficient,and long-term curative effect needs to be further observed and studied. This paper reviews the development,advantages,design,processing and materials of movable artificial vertebral bodies and provides useful reference for optimization design,processing and clinical application of movable artificial vertebral bodies. |
| KEYWORDS:Movable artificial vertebral body Spine Review literature |
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| 引用本文，请按以下格式著录参考文献： |
| 中文格式: | 李家良,闻志靖,贺西京,魏馨雨.可动型人工椎体的研究进展[J].中国骨伤,2019,32(7):677~682 |
| 英文格式: | LI Jia-liang,WEN Zhi-jing,HE Xi-jing,WEI Xin-yu.Advances on the study of movable artificial vertebral body[J].zhongguo gu shang / China J Orthop Trauma ,2019,32(7):677~682 |
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